Intervertebral Disc Disease, or IVDD, is a spinal condition that affects many dogs. Some dogs are more likely to develop it because of their breed or body shape, but it can happen to any dog.

When a dog is diagnosed with Stage 1 IVDD, it means the issue has just started. At this point, the symptoms are mild, and your dog can usually recover well with the right care. Knowing what Stage 1 IVDD looks like and what to do about it can make a big difference in your dog’s recovery and future health.

What is Stage 1 IVDD?

IVDD happens when the soft discs between your dog’s spine bones start to break down. These discs act like cushions, helping the spine bend and move without pain. When a disc begins to dry out or bulge, it can cause discomfort. In Stage 1, the disc hasn’t fully ruptured. Instead, it’s irritated or slightly pushed out of place, and that causes inflammation and pain.

At this stage, your dog might not have any trouble walking or using their legs. That’s important, because once the spinal cord is affected, symptoms can get worse very quickly. The goal is to catch it early, treat it properly, and stop it from progressing to more serious stages.

Causes and risk factors

Some dogs are born with a higher risk for IVDD. Others may develop it due to age, body weight, or lifestyle.

Here are the main causes and risk factors for Stage 1 IVDD:

• Breed: Dogs like Dachshunds, French Bulldogs, Beagles, and Corgis are more likely to develop IVDD.
  

• Age: Most cases happen in middle-aged dogs, around 3 to 7 years old.
  

• Weight: Extra weight puts more pressure on the spine.
  

• Repetitive jumping: Dogs that often jump on and off furniture may strain their backs.
  

• Previous injury: A history of back injury can raise the chances of IVDD later on.

Early signs and symptoms to watch for

Stage 1 IVDD can be easy to miss. The signs are mild and often show up as subtle changes in your dog’s behavior. Watch for these common symptoms:

• Hesitating to jump onto the couch or into the car
  

• Moving slower than usual
  

• Holding their head low or arching their back
  

• Whining or crying when touched
  

• Avoiding stairs
  

• Trouble getting comfortable when lying down

Your dog may still walk normally but act more cautious or withdrawn. If your dog starts doing these things and you’re not sure why, it’s worth having them checked by your vet.

Getting a diagnosis

If you think your dog might have IVDD, your vet will start with a physical exam. They’ll check your dog’s back for pain, muscle tightness, or sensitivity. They may also check how your dog walks and whether they react normally to certain touch and movement tests.

To confirm the diagnosis, your vet might recommend imaging:

• X-rays can show signs of disc collapse or spinal misalignment.
  

• MRI or CT scans offer a more detailed look at the discs and spinal cord.

These tests help your vet figure out how serious the problem is and whether it’s still in the early stage.

Treatment options for Stage 1 IVDD

If your dog has Stage 1 IVDD, surgery is usually not needed. Most dogs recover with rest and medication.

Conservative treatment

Here’s what treatment often includes:

• Crate rest: This is the most important part. Dogs need to rest in a small space to stop them from moving too much. This lasts for about 4 to 6 weeks.
  

• Anti-inflammatory medication: These help reduce pain and swelling around the disc.
  

• Muscle relaxers: These ease the tension in the back muscles.
  

• Pain relief: If needed, your vet may give additional pain medication.
  

• Cold or heat therapy: Depending on the vet’s advice, this can help relax the muscles.

Supportive care at home

• Carry your dog up and down stairs.
  

• Use a harness instead of a collar when walking.
  

• Keep their bedding soft and their area quiet.

When surgery is considered

If symptoms don’t get better after several weeks, or if they suddenly get worse, your vet may suggest surgery. But in Stage 1, this is rare.

Physical therapy and rehab

After the rest period, some dogs benefit from gentle rehab to get their strength back. This can include:

• Light leash walks
  

• Controlled exercises to build core muscles
  

• Underwater treadmill therapy

These therapies help prevent future injury and get your dog moving in a safe way again.

How long does recovery take?

For most dogs, recovery from Stage 1 IVDD takes about 4 to 6 weeks. Some dogs feel better sooner, but it’s important not to rush the process. Letting your dog return to full activity too soon can make things worse.

Here’s what a typical recovery timeline looks like:

• First few days: Pain starts to improve with rest and medication.
  

• Week 2 to 3: Your dog seems more comfortable and moves more easily.
  

• Week 4 to 6: Gradual return to light activity with your vet’s guidance.

If everything goes well, your dog may return to their normal routine but with some lifestyle changes to prevent a flare-up.

Preventing future episodes

Dogs that have had Stage 1 IVDD are at risk for future problems. Here are some ways to protect your dog’s back going forward:

• Maintain a healthy weight to reduce pressure on the spine.
  

• Limit jumping by using pet ramps or stairs.
  

• Walk them daily to keep muscles strong.
  

• Avoid rough play that could strain the back.
  

• Use a harness during walks to avoid pressure on the neck.

Even if your dog seems fully recovered, keep their activities low-impact and controlled. Their spine will always be a bit more fragile than before.

Mobility support tools

Some dogs may still have mild back sensitivity or fear of movement even after recovery. That’s where mobility aids can help.

Walkin’ Pets designs wheelchairs and support harnesses that are helpful during rehab and for dogs with recurring IVDD issues. For dogs recovering from IVDD, using a rear support wheelchair can relieve pressure on the spine during short walks. These tools can make daily life easier and safer without putting your dog at risk.

Even if your dog never needs a wheelchair full-time, having one on hand for flare-ups or rehab periods can be a helpful part of long-term care.

Helping your dog stay active and pain-free

Stage 1 IVDD doesn’t have to change your dog’s life forever. With early care, rest, and smart changes to their routine, most dogs can bounce back and stay healthy for years to come. Paying attention to how your dog moves, supporting their recovery, and using mobility tools when needed will help them live a comfortable, active life.

When in doubt, talk to your vet, and remember that small changes, like using ramps or limiting stairs, can go a long way. And if your dog ever needs extra support, Walkin’ Pets is here to help with tools that keep dogs moving safely.